Effects of Camellia sinensis L. [green tea] extract on the body and testicular weight changes in adult Wistar rats

This research was aimed to study the effects of oral administration of Camellia sinensis L. on the testicular and body weights of adult Wistar rats for short and long time periods. The adult Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups [A, B and C]. Every group had ten rats. Green tea extract 0.692% [w/v] was given to groups A and B on daily basis. The extracts were prepared fresh and given for a period of ten and thirty days, respectively, while distilled water was given to the group C rats only. The adult Wistar rats were sacrificed on eleventh and thirty-first day of experiment for the particular groups. The testes were dissected out cautiously, free from the supporter tissues and weighed to the adjacent 1 mg. There is no significant difference in the body weight in all 3 groups. Moreover, it was observed that Wistar rat's testicular weight was considerably increased in group B but no major changes were seen in group A. Our results indicated that green tea when given for short period of time may be effective to the testes but has no consequence on Wistar rat's body weight. However, it is indistinct if these alterations are reversible

Hollow abdominal visceral injuries following minimally invasive gynecological procedure: a 16 year experience

To study the pattern of hollow abdominal visceral injuries during minimally invasive gynecological procedures. Retrospective, Descriptive Study. This study was conducted at Fauji Foundation Hospital Karachi, Gulshan General Hospital Karachi, Star General Hospital Karachi and Al-Tibri Medical College Hospital from July 1997 to December 2013. All patients admitted to above mentioned hospitals for minimally invasive gynecological procedures electively or in emergency were included in the study. Total 3050 minimally invasive gynecological procedures were carried out in the above mentioned hospitals and 77 [2.5 %] patients had complications following the procedures. Mean age was 28 years ranged from 20-55 years. 40 % patients had history of previous gynaecological surgery.Abdominal visceral injuries included small bowel perforation 30 [38.96 %] patients, sigmoid colon perforation 20 [25.97%] patients. Both small bowel and sigmoid colonic perforation 08 [10.38%] patients, Caecal perforation 01 [1.29 %] patient and Urinary Bladder 01 [1.29%] patient. 52 % cases were diagnosed within two days of primary surgery and rest within 10 days. All gynecologists must be skilled, vigilant and careful while doing minimally invasive gynecological procedures that visceral injury should not happen or ready to deal if it happens accidentally

Evaluation of patterns of beta thalassaemia in children with microcytic hypochronmic anemia

The aim of this study was to evaluate the patterns of Beta Thalassaemia in children suffered with microcytic hypochromic anemia in the different hospital of Hyderabad region. Cross-sectional study. This is an experimental based research study that was conducted at Isra University Hospital, Hyderabad and Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Hospital Jamshoro Hyderabad from June 2011 to February 2012. Hundred [100] children from either gender attending outpatient department of Isra University Hospital and Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad were selected for this study. Whole blood sample [10ml] was collected from each children. Peripheral smears were made and found that all children have suffered with findings of microcytic hypchromic anemia. Children with other than microcytic hypochromic anemia were excluded from this study. All parents of children were interviewed regarding family history and marriages with cousin and other findings or histories were also recorded on a well designed performa. Whole blood samples were analyzed for the evaluation of the patterns of Beta Thalassaemia in 100 children who were affected with microcytic hypochromic anemia. Out of 100 children, 08 of them were diagnosed as having beta thalassaemia minor, one as Beta Thalassaemia major and the remaining 91 were non thalassaemics. Among 08 Beta Thalassaemic minor children, 05 were females and 03 were males and only one male child was suffered with beta thalassaemia major. It is concluded that the prevalence level of beta thalassaemia is higher in Hyderabad, which is an alarming. Many factors such as poor facilities for diagnosis, lack of awareness among clinicians, consultants and pathologists and high cost of molecular diagnosis play a contributory role in the propagation of the beta thalassaemia in the Pakistani population. These factors become a serious hindrance for the prevention of thalassaemic program in Pakistan

Organophosphate and pyrethroid residues in the milk of women and breast cancer patients from Karachi

The aim of this study was to determine the presence of pesticide residues organophosphate and pyrethroid in the milk of women and in serum of breast cancer patients from different localities of Karachi due to pesticide exposure. An experimental study. This sis a research-based study that was conducted in the Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University, Karachi from March 2008 to March 2010. A total 40 milk samples were collected from private clinics and 6 serum samples from breast cancer patients were also collected from private cancer hospitals based at different areas of Karachi. All the samples were analyzed for the presence of pesticide residues. Samples of milk and serum were prepared accordingly and the purified samples were injected into the HPLC apparatus. The peaks of the samples were compared by the retention time of the standard peaks. The chromatogram obtained indicated the quantity of pesticide residues. Milk samples and serum samples were analyzed using HPLC technique. Pesticides such as malathion, permethrin, deltamethrin and Polytrin-C were detected in different concentrations. The levels were significantly higher than the maximum residual limit. It is concluded that the presence of pesticides in the human body is a major concern in the development of various ailments because of possible immunotoxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic potential of pesticides

effect of abietic acid [cedrus deodara compound] on the histopathology of rat stomach in comparison with ulcer healing drugs

The aim of this study is to observe the anti-ulcer effects of Abietic acid [a compound of Cedrus deodara] on the histopathology of rat's stomach in comparison with standard anti-ulcer drugs such as Femotidine [H2 receptor blocker] and Protonix [a proton pump inhibitor]. Experimental study. This study was conducted in the department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University, Karachi. This study was carried out on 50 albino rats of Wistar Strain for experimental purpose. The animals were divided into five groups and each group comprised of 10 rats [i.e. 5 male and 5 female]. The experimental procedure was repeated for three times. The compound of abietic acid was provided by the chemistry department of Karachi University. The ulcer was induced in the animals by giving 1ml of 100% ethanol after 48 hrs of fasting. The induction of ulcer in animal was then treated with abietic acid [25 mg/kg for 2 weeks] orally through feeding tube. The ulcer healing effects of this compound were then compared with the effect of known anti-ulcer drugs. Abietic acid used in this study showed the healing effects on the mucosal epithelium of stomach, decreased inflammatory cells and formation of granulation tissues on the sub mucosal layer during histopathological examination. It is thus concluded that abietic acid has an anti-ulcerative effects when given in the required dose and may be adapted in the management of gastrointestinal disorders particularly in peptic ulcer